Engineering at Meta

MARCH 21, 2024

As part of our beta experience, now available in a few countries, Threads users aged 18+ with public profiles can now choose to share their Threads posts to other ActivityPub-compliant servers. People on those servers can now follow federated Threads profiles and see, like, reply to, and repost posts from the fediverse.

Server 138

Server Protocol Email Media 138

AWS Architecture

JANUARY 13, 2025

To meet its customers compliance requirements, TVS SCS sought a reliable file transfer solution supporting Applicability Statement 2 (AS2), a business-to-business (B2B) messaging protocol. Business use case Several end customers in the manufacturing sector mandated the exchange of EDI documents through the AS2 protocol over the internet.

B2B 119

B2B Protocol Server Automotive 119

4sysops

JANUARY 21, 2025

Unsecured Tunneling Protocols Expose 4.2 Million Hosts, Including VPNs and Routers Recent research has identified significant security vulnerabilities in various tunneling protocols, which could be exploited by attackers to conduct a host of malicious activities. Approximately 4.2

Protocol 52

Protocol Routers VPN Server 52

CATO Networks

JANUARY 3, 2025

The latest Microsoft Windows LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) vulnerabilities, which were coined not once but twice ( LDAPBleed and LDAPNightmare), clearly belong to the shortlist of new and dangerous CVEs. The malicious LDAP server then delivers a crafted response, triggering the vulnerability.

Server 111

Server SASE Protocol Cloud 111

Engineering at Meta

NOVEMBER 8, 2023

Then in October 2023, WhatsApp began rolling out “Protect IP Address in Calls” which hides your IP from the other party by relaying calls through WhatsApp Servers. Because of the complexity and large number of protocols involved, attackers have many opportunities to find a bug to exploit.

IP Address 134

IP Address Protocol Server Encryption 134

DoorDash Engineering

OCTOBER 24, 2023

Communication protocol Many messages are sent to enable seamless transitions between the native applications and the FAQ feature running within a WebView. WebView To a web engineer, a WebView is simply another application with some embedded protocols that allow for bi-directional communication between the mobile and web layers.

Server 83

Server JavaScript Protocol Application 83

4sysops

JANUARY 7, 2025

Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) provides secure remote connectivity and network management on Windows Server. With support for modern VPN protocols like SSTP and IKEv2, RRAS ensures encrypted connections, reliable routing, and seamless access to internal resources, making it ideal for hybrid and remote work environments.

Server 52

Server VPN Protocol Encryption 52

ByteByteGo

JANUARY 25, 2025

Here’s a roadmap that covers the most important topics: Introduction to APIs API is a set of protocols and tools for building applications. 10 Essential Components of a Production Web Application It all starts with CI/CD pipelines that deploy code to the server instances. After DNS resolution, the requests reach the app servers.

Cookie 173

Cookie Gateway Server Application 173

Engineering at Meta

DECEMBER 6, 2023

We are beginning to upgrade people’s personal conversations on Messenger to use end-to-end encryption (E2EE) by default Meta is publishing two technical white papers on end-to-end encryption: Our Messenger end-to-end encryption whitepaper describes the core cryptographic protocol for transmitting messages between clients.

Encryption 145

Encryption Protocol Server Application 145

CloudFaire

DECEMBER 30, 2024

Internet protocol specifications are instructions designed for engineers to build things. Protocol designers take great care to ensure the documents they produce are clear. HTTP/3 is an application protocol that maps HTTP semantics to QUIC, such as defining how HTTP requests and responses are assigned to individual QUIC streams.

Protocol 101

Protocol Server Internet TCP 101

High Scalability

JANUARY 8, 2020

It’s a very simple utility that does exactly one thing – it sits between the database and the clients and speaks the PostgreSQL protocol, emulating a PostgreSQL server. When it comes to connection pooling in the PostgreSQL world, PgBouncer is probably the most popular option.

Server 19

Server Protocol DevOps 19

Engineering at Meta

NOVEMBER 21, 2022

Implementing Precision Time Protocol (PTP) at Meta allows us to synchronize the systems that drive our products and services down to nanosecond precision. The journey to PTP has been years long, as we’ve had to rethink how both the timekeeping hardware and software operate within our servers and data centers.

Protocol 57

Protocol Server Unicast Network 57

CloudFaire

JANUARY 3, 2025

It's a major extension to the TCP protocol, and historically most of the TCP changes failed to gain traction. Typically, Linux is used on the server side, and iOS/macOS as the client. Linux as a server Conceptually, the MPTCP design is pretty sensible. Typically, the server allows the client to reuse the server IP/port address.

TCP 137

TCP Port Server Advertising 137

ByteByteGo

DECEMBER 7, 2024

Create High-Level Design Break down the system into components such as client apps, servers, load balancers, databases, etc. Used in protocols such as HTTP, FTP, and SMTP. Used in Address Resolution Protocol, DHCP, and NTP Multicast Sender to a specific group of devices in a network. Focus on the data flow.

Unicast 211

Unicast Banking Protocol Network 211

Engineering at Meta

JUNE 27, 2023

There are three main components to Sapling – a server, a client, and a virtual file system. The server stores all the data and is a careful mix of clever storage formats, wire protocols, and algorithms, mostly implemented in Rust and architected to scale. The final component is the virtual file system.

Server 132

Server JavaScript Protocol Engineering 132

ByteByteGo

DECEMBER 21, 2024

They are used for websites and services that support the IPv6 protocol. It is commonly used in verifying the authenticity of a server. MX Record Directs email traffic to the correct mail server. NS (Name Server) Record Specifies the authoritative DNS servers for the domain.

DNS 130

DNS IP Address Server Email 130

ByteByteGo

NOVEMBER 30, 2024

When you want to send the JWT to a server, you put the header, payload, and signature inside the box. Then you send it over to the server. The server can easily read the header and payload to understand who you are and what you want to do. With each iteration, the protocol has evolved in new and interesting ways.

TCP 100

TCP Protocol Server Email 100

Kentik

OCTOBER 4, 2021

Included in the withdrawn prefixes were the IP addresses of Facebook’s authoritative DNS servers, rendering them unreachable. For example, in IPv4, Facebook authoritative server a.ns.facebook.com resolves to the address 129.134.30.12 which is routed as 129.134.30.0/24 24 and 129.134.30.0/23.

TCP 145

TCP DNS Server Media 145

Mathias Verraes

JANUARY 8, 2025

In software, different systems agree on a protocol that describes the shape of the message. The protocol might be implicit, but typically, the more users a protocol has, the more it needs to be formally described. A protocol is not just an encoding, like JSON or XML. Without it, the message is meaningless.

Protocol 141

Protocol Advertising Server Internet 141

CloudFaire

JANUARY 2, 2025

To communicate with us, they choose a protocol such as RTMPS (Real Time Messaging Protocol Secure), SRT (Secure Reliable Transport), or WHIP (WebRTC-HTTP ingestion protocol) that defines how their content is packaged and transmitted. Each of these protocols is a way to transmit audio and video frames with various tradeoffs.

Protocol 80

Protocol Media Port IP Address 80

Engineering at Meta

JUNE 12, 2024

Solving this problem requires a robust and high-speed network infrastructure as well as efficient data transfer protocols and algorithms. There are several reasons for this failure, but this failure mode is seen more in the early life and settles as the server ages. This has encompassed developments in a wide range of areas.

Infiniband 141

Infiniband Data Centers Topology Network 141

Kentik

JANUARY 24, 2022

You can also learn about the protocols in use, the ports being used, the top interfaces, etc. IP protocol. Source port for UDP or TCP, 0 for other protocols. Destination port for UDP or TCP, type and code for ICMP, or 0 for other protocols. Source IP address. Destination IP address. IP type of service. Octets (bytes).

Application 96

Application IP Address DNS Port 96

Confluent

SEPTEMBER 27, 2019

All clients connecting to the cluster use recent (and efficient) protocol versions to avoid extra costs for protocol upgrade/downgrade at the server side. In other words, we cannot prevent unformatted data from being published to and stored in Kafka servers. Get started in five minutes.

Government 16

Government Server Protocol Application 16

Engineering at Meta

MAY 22, 2024

How Meta is enabling PQC Meta’s TLS protocol library, Fizz , is designed for high security, reliability, and performance. The use of our own implementation has allowed us to quickly react to new features in the TLS protocol. This allows a client to perform cross-host resumption to different servers in the same service.

TCP 119

TCP Encryption Server Bandwidth 119

Effective Software Design

JANUARY 8, 2025

We use 3 email authentication protocols: SPF, DKIM and DMARC. SPF identifies valid sending servers, DKIM verifies message integrity, and DMARC provides policy and reporting for both. Those three protocols are critical in preventing email fraud. This might be happening because your email server does not trust our domain.

Email 52

Email Protocol Server 52

Engineering at Meta

JUNE 10, 2024

We’ve built a kernel abstraction around this which, when called from Bento, will just work as any of the classic kernels we have (with some limitations) and perform message passing using the Jupyter Protocol. The visible manifestation of this is just a selector in the notebook that toggles between server-based kernels and serverless.

Server 115

Server Engineering Port JavaScript 115

Engineering at Meta

APRIL 13, 2023

Our approach to key transparency is two-pronged and introduces two new components: The server (WhatsApp) maintains an append-only AKD of public keys mapped to user accounts. A third-party audit record, wherein any change in the server directory is recorded in a publicly available, privacy-preserving audit record for anyone to verify.

Encryption 144

Encryption Server Protocol Application 144

Kentik

MARCH 15, 2023

Protocol-based. These attacks overwhelm network infrastructure resources, targeting layer 3 and layer 4 communication protocols. Common protocol-based attacks are Ping of Death, Smurf DDoS, and SYN floods. These attacks typically seek out web server vulnerabilities with malformed or high-volume requests in layer 7 services.

Network 94

Network Networking Protocol IP Address 94

Network Engineering

JANUARY 8, 2025

The technician connects a PC running iPerf3 as a client and establishes a connection to our iPerf3 server. We temporarily add the customers public IP to our firewall to enable communication between the client and server. Current Process: To perform this certification, we dispatch a technician to the customer site.

Internet 52

Internet Bandwidth Topology Server 52

The Network DNA

JULY 19, 2024

Enterprise users have been particularly hard hit by this upgrade; according to some businesses, hundreds of devices, including crucial production servers and SQL nodes, have been impacted. Affected users are advised by the company not to file individual support tickets at this time.

Protocol 98

Protocol Server Engineering Network 98

Engineering at Meta

DECEMBER 12, 2022

In the token issuance phase, clients contact the server through an authenticated channel to send a token. The server signs the token and sends it back. An overview of the anonymous credential protocol The anonymous credential protocol is built on top of verifiable oblivious pseudorandom functions (VOPRFs) and blind signatures.

Server 52

Server Protocol Engineering 52

CATO Networks

JUNE 14, 2023

In most cases, these patterns are evaluated on a single network packet, rather than a sequence of flows between a client host and a server. There exist several protocols, from different network layers that can be used for OS fingerprinting. Figure 1 displays these protocols, based on the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model.

IoT 52

IoT TCP Protocol Server 52

Noction

MARCH 16, 2022

Anycast is tightly coupled with the BGP protocol, which ensures that the anycast route is advertised among autonomous systems (ASes) on the Internet. Packets to the anycast IP are routed through the shortest path to the server, reducing latency and improving service resiliency.

Advertising 52

Advertising Protocol Server Internet 52

Confluent

OCTOBER 10, 2019

Machines provide a large number of usually closed and incompatible protocols in a proprietary format. OPC UA: this is an open and cross-platform, machine-to-machine communication protocol for industrial automation. In the IoT environment, for example, a large number of protocols for data exchange have developed in recent years.

IoT 20

IoT Internet Protocol Cloud 20

Kentik

OCTOBER 12, 2021

Once you saw a person’s password to any given application, you knew they were generally using the same one for all of their other applications — email, the ticketing system, the FTP and Novell servers, etc. These protocols helped the NPM identify applications. Well, that didn’t last long. Then TLS, HTTPS, SNMPv3 and it continues.

Encryption 84

Encryption DNS IP Address Protocol 84

NW Kings

DECEMBER 10, 2024

A TCP port is a unique number assigned to specific services and applications that run on a server. It serves as an endpoint for communication between a client and the server, allowing different communication processes over a network. TCP ports operate at the transport layer of the Internet Protocol Suite. What is a TCP Port?

UDP port 40

UDP port Port TCP IP Address 40

Kentik

JANUARY 10, 2022

To be more specific: slowness can be introduced as your digital connection traverses your PC, the local wifi/wired connection, the local ISP, the Tier 1 or Tier 2 provider, or the CDN that provides the hardware which hosts the web server running the application. The HTML, the CSS, etc. all have to be downloaded.

IP Address 98

IP Address DNS TCP Application 98